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C PROGRAMMING BASICS

1.Introduction :

C is a powerful and simplest programming language. It can be used to develop software like operating systems, databases, compilers, and etc C programming is an excellent language to learn to program for beginners.

Our C tutorials will guide you to learn C programming one step at a time. This C tutorial series will help you to get started in the C programming language. By learning C, you will understand basic programming concepts.

 

 

1.2 About C:

C is a mid-level structured oriented programming language, used in general-purpose programming, developed by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Labs, the USA, between 1969 and 1973.

 

Ø  “? : ” is the only ternary operator in C language.

 

Ø  “sizeof” is the only operator which is also a keyword.

 

Ø  In printf() and scanf(), f stands for formatted not function.

 

Ø  Compiler doesn't know header file, preprocessor processes these and expands source code.

 

1.3 Advantages of C:

 

•  Building block for many other programming languages.
•  Powerful and efficient language.
• Portable language.
• Built-in functions.
• Quality to extend itself.
• Structured programming language.
• Middle-level language.

·         System  Programming

 

1.4 Disadvantages of C:

 

• Run-time checking.
• Concept of namespace.
• Lack of Exception Handling.
• Constructor or destructor.
• Low level of abstraction.

 

 

In this tutorial, we will learn about keywords; reserved words in C programming that are part of the syntax. Also, we will learn about identifiers and how to name them.Let us get started…

2.Character set:

                        The C character set consists of upper and lowercase alphabets, digits, special characters and white spaces. The alphabets and digits are altogether called as the alphanumeric character. A variable is an entity that has a value and is known to the program by name. we can also use special characters as character set.

C accepts both lowercase and uppercase alphabets as well as digits as variables and functions.

 

Example: A,B,C………Z

                 a,b,c………z

                 123456……”  , ‘  +  = etc…

 

2.1 White space Characters:

Blank space, newline, horizontal tab, carriage return and form feed.

3. C keywords :

           

             Keywords are predefined, reserved words in C language and each of which is associated with specific features. These words help us to use the functionality of C language. They have special meaning to the compilers.

 

3.1 Keywords in C Programming
auto	break	case	char
const	continue	default	do
double	else	enum	extern
float	for	goto	if
int	long	register	return
short	signed	sizeof	static
struct	switch	typedef	union
unsigned	void	volatile	while

 

4.Identifier in C Language

C identifiers represent the name in the C program, for example, variables, functions, arrays, structures, unions, labels, etc. An identifier can be composed of letters such as uppercase, lowercase letters, underscore, digits, but the starting letter should be either an alphabet or an underscore.

 

 Example: int amount; double totalbalance; In the above example, amount and totalbalance are identifiers and int, and double are keywords.

 

5. Rules for naming a variable

 

• All variable names must begin with a letter of the alphabet or an. Underscore ( _ ). ...
• After the first initial letter, variable names can also contain letters and numbers. ...
• Uppercase characters are distinct from lowercase characters. ...
• You cannot use a C++ keyword (reserved word) as a variable name.
• We can choose any name as an identifier if we follow the above rule, however, give meaningful names to identifiers that make sense. 

Video description:

Click the below link:

 

https://youtu.be/3vqSsCw1W7I

 

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